Saturday, December 26, 2009

American popular music


Disco is a music of dance penalization whose popularity peaked during the middle to late 1970s. It had its roots in clubs that catered to African American, psychedelic and other communities in New York City and Philadelphia during the late 1960s and early 1970s. Disco was a activity particularly among New York City gays against both the domination of rock penalization and the demonetization of dance penalization by the counterculture during this period. While ballroom was a form of black commercial pop penalization and a craze among black gays especially, it did not catch mainstream attention until it was picked up by the predominantly white gay clubs of New York. Latinos and women embraced ballroom as well, and the penalization eventually expanded to several other favourite groups of the time.[13][14][15][16][10][17][18] In what is considered a forerunner to ballroom call clubs, in February 1970, the New York City DJ king Mancuso opened The Loft, a members-only private dance club set in his own home.[19][20] Most agree that the first ballroom songs were released in 1973, though some claim Manu Dibango's 1972 Soul Makossa to be the first ballroom record. The first article about ballroom was written in September 1973 by Vince Aletti for Rolling Stone Magazine. In 1974 New York City's WPIX-FM premiered the first ballroom radio show.
Musical influences include funk and soul music. The ballroom sound has soaring, ofttimes reverberated vocals over a steady \"four-on-the-floor\" beat, an eighth note (quaver) or sixteenth note (semi-quaver) hi-hat pattern with an open hi-hat on the off-beat, and a prominent, syncopated automobile voice line sometimes consisting of octaves. Strings, horns, automobile pianos, and automobile guitars create a lush background sound. Orchestral instruments such as the flute are ofttimes used for solo melodies, and unlike in rock, lead guitar is rarely used.
Well-known late 1970s ballroom performers included Donna Summer, Amanda Lear, The Bee Gees, KC and the Sunshine Band, Chic, and The Jacksons. Summer would become the first well-known and most favourite ballroom artist, giving her the title 'The Queen of Disco', and also played a part in pioneering the electronic sound that later became a part of ballroom (see below). While performers and singers garnered the lion's share of open attention, the behind-the-scenes producers played an equal, if not more important persona in disco, since they ofttimes usually wrote the songs and created the innovative sounds and creation techniques that were part of the \"disco sound\". Many non-disco artists transcribed ballroom songs at the height of disco's popularity, and films such as Sat Night Fever and Thank God It's Friday contributed to disco's rise in mainstream popularity.
According to penalization writer Piero Scaruffi the ballroom phenomenon spread quickly because the \"collective ecstasy\" of ballroom was cathartic and regenerative and lead to freedom of expression. Disco was the terminal mass favourite penalization movement that was unvoluntary by the baby boom generation.[
An angry backlash against ballroom penalization and society emerged in the United States hitting its peak with the July 1979 Disco Demolition Night riot. While the popularity of ballroom in the United States declined markedly as a result of the backlash, the music continuing to be favourite elsewhere during the 1980s.
Because the term \"disco\" became unfashionable at the start of the 1980's it was replaced by \"dance music\" and \"dance pop\" which described penalization powered by the base ballroom beat. In the decades since, dance clubs have remained highly popular, and the ballroom beat has informed the sound of many of music's biggest stars. Disco has been influential on several dance penalization genres that have emerged since, such as House, Nu-Disco, Hi-NRG, and Latin Freestyle.


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